Silver and fluoride content and short-term stability of 38% silver diamine fluoride

Background

As silver diamine fluoride (SDF) gains popularity for caries arrest, the authors aimed to investigate the content of fluoride and silver in 38% SDF produced for the US market and its short-term stability.

Pulp response in primary teeth with deep residual caries treated with silver fluoride and glass ionomer cement ('atraumatic' technique)

A bstract — Histological assessment of the dental pulps of 55 carious primary teeth was carried out 3 to 56 months after treatment by the 'atraumatic' technique involving application of 40 per cent silver fluoride to residual caries followed by restoration with glass ionomer cement. Fifty of the 55 teeth examined showed a favourable pulpal response, including presence of abundant reparative dentine and a wide odontoblast layer. Histological comparisons were made between these teeth and others not treated with silver fluoride but restored with glass ionomer cement, amalgam or zinc oxide and eugenol.
Possible mechanisms of the action of silver fluoride in arresting residual caries are discussed. The question of whether or not treatment of carious dentine with silver fluoride represents a biologically acceptable clinical procedure cannot be answered on the basis of pulpal histology alone. The very high concentration of fluoride in commercial preparations of silver fluoride raises several questions concerning its clinical safety.     

密集型压痛点银质针治疗肩关节周围炎30例

目的:观察密集型压痛点银质针治疗肩关节周围炎的临床疗效。方法:选择2011年1月—2013年12月本院治疗的肩周炎患者90例,均为初次发病者,采用单盲法随机分为A组、B组和C组,每组30例。A组采用密集型压痛点银质针治疗,B组采用肩关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠治疗,C组采用局部封闭治疗。结果:A组治疗后1周、治疗后3个月VAS评分、Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分均优于B组、C组(P0.05)。结论:密集型压痛点银质针治疗肩关节周围炎疗效显著,减轻疼痛见效快,改善功能明显,疗效持久。     

Preoperative localization of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients by silver wire insertion or liquid charcoal injection guided by CT lymphography

Dual localization of SLN in breast cancer patients using isotope & dye is the best‐approved modality with limitations such as high cost of radioactive materials, complex logistic preparations & scheduling issues, especially in developing countries. We investigated the feasibility & accuracy of a novel technique for SLN localization using silver wire insertion or liquid charcoal injection guided by CT lymphography. 120 patients with clinically node‐negative breast cancer were enrolled. In the test group, SLN was localized using preoperative CTLG guided injection of liquid charcoal or by placing a 3 cm silver wire. In addition, intraoperative SLN mapping was performed using methylene blue dye followed by searching for the SLN localized by both methods. In the control group, SLN was localized by the blue dye only. Feasibility, accuracy, detection rates, and number of SLNs retrieved were reported as well as matching between the LN detected with the CTLG and that detected with the dye technique. SLN could be detected in 59 out of 60 patients (98.3%) in the test group and in 54 out of 60 patients (90%) in the control group (P = .057). In self‐controlled analysis of the test group comparing CTLG only to dye only was significant (P = .050). Comparing charcoal to silver wire in detection was statistically insignificant (P = .5). This novel method can offer advantages which are as follows: being more accurate than the dye alone, saving operative time, abandoning complex logistic preparations for the radioisotope, and solving the problem of timing.     

Comparison of platelet‐rich plasma gel in the care of the pressure ulcers with the dressing with serum physiology in terms of healing process and dressing costs

This research was carried out with the aim of comparing the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) gel and gas dressing with serum physiologic applied to stage II pressure ulcer in coccyx of patients for 2 months on healing process and dressing costs. This prospective randomised controlled experimental study was conducted with 60 patients hospitalised in the palliative care unit after surgery. The experimental group (n = 30) was dressed with platelet‐rich plasma gel. The control group (n = 30) was treated with serum physiologic dressing. At the end of the 20th observation of the patients in the experimental group, it was found that the mean scores of area, exudate, and tissue type in pressure sores decreased statistically (P < .001). In the control group, no significant difference was found between the mean PUSH score at the end of the 20th observation (P > .05). The study showed that PRP gel had a positive effect on healing of stage II pressure ulcers with platelet‐rich plasma gel dressings. In addition, when evaluated in the long term, it was concluded that platelet‐rich plasma gel is easily accessible and less costly than serum physiological dressing.     

Cellular and Molecular Tissue Response to Triple Antibiotic Intracanal Dressing

Introduction

The aim of this study was to characterize the response of mouse subcutaneous tissue to triple antibiotic paste (TAP) using conventional light microscopy and real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Methods

Polyethylene tubes containing TAP or calcium hydroxide (CH) (ie, the control group) were implanted in mouse subcutaneous tissue. Animals that received empty tubes or no tubes were used as additional controls. After periods of 7, 21, and 63 days postimplantation, the specimens were removed and subjected to histologic processing. The number of inflammatory cells and vessels, vessel areas, vascular density, and relative percentage of collagen were evaluated. Gene expression of proinflammatory (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 17) and anti-inflammatory (transforming growth factor beta) cytokines and angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha) was quantified by 7 and 21 days postimplantation. Results were analyzed using the Student t test, analysis of variance, and the Tukey test (α = 0.05).

Results

TAP induced an exuberant inflammatory and angiogenic response, with higher numbers of inflammatory cells, higher vascular area and density, and lower relative percentage of collagen compared with CH. In general, the expression of genes involved in inflammation and angiogenesis was higher in the TAP group compared with animals that received CH or empty tubes.

Conclusions

The response of mouse subcutaneous tissue to TAP was characterized by exuberant and persistent inflammatory and angiogenic responses with no repair and high gene expression of biomarkers associated with inflammation and angiogenesis.     

无机银抗菌剂及其塑料制品的抗菌效果和毒性

为了解含银６％（ｇ／ｇ）的无机银抗菌剂的抗菌与破坏ＨＢｓＡｇ效果及毒性，进行了纸片抑菌环测定、载体定性ＨＢｓＡｇ试验与毒性试验。结果，该抗菌剂加水稀释２０、２００、４００倍的混悬液所染滤纸，分别对白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌有抑菌效果；含该剂０．５％（ｇ／ｇ）的塑料洗衣球对大肠杆菌作用 ５ｍｉｎ，有抑菌作用；以该剂１０倍稀释的悬液作用２４ｈ，才可破坏不锈钢片表面ＨＢｓＡｇ抗原性。该抗菌剂对雌、雄小鼠经口ＬＤ５０＞５０００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对兔皮肤一次性刺激积分为０，微核试验阴性。     

Assessment of the Thrombogenic Effect of Fibrin Sealant Dressing in a Vascular Surgery Model in Rabbits

This study's objective was to investigate the potential thrombogenic effects of thrombin-containing fibrin sealant dressings (FSD) in a vascular repair model. Oval-shaped pieces of the rabbit abdominal aorta and vena cava were excised, the injuries were repaired with FSD, and animals were allowed to recover. Thrombus formation was examined by (1) an infusion of indium-labeled platelets into the rabbits following FSD application and estimation of total number of platelets attached to the wounds at 2, 4, and 6 h later (short-term effect, n = 12); and by (2) morphological and histological examinations of the vessels and dressings on days 1, 3, and 7 after repair operation in another group of rabbits (long-term effect, n = 12). Application of FSD sealed the vascular injures and produced immediate hemostasis that was stable up to 1 week. The highest numbers of platelets (both native and labeled) adhered to the arterial and venous repair sites were 6.5 × 10⁶ and 4.4 × 10⁷, respectively, 6 h after operation. The adhered platelets, however, did not form a visible and clinically significant thrombus. In long-term experiments, no evidence of thrombus was found in the lumens of the repaired vessels or on the dressings, and no microthrombi were detected histologically in other tissues at any time point. Although vena caval injuries showed signs of healing at day 7 postoperatively, the aortic wounds expanded progressively (pseudoaneurysm) and were prone to rupture at later times. Thus, direct exposure of FSD does not cause intravascular thrombosis or thrombotic events in rabbits. The dressing appears to be safe and effective for short-term repair of vascular injuries. It may also allow healing of minor venous defects, but cannot replace conventional surgical techniques (suturing) for permanent repair of arterial damages.     

脂质水胶敷料与凡士林纱布的外科换药效果比较

目的比较非闭合性脂质水胶敷料（商品名：优拓）与凡士林纱布的治疗效果与可接受程度。方法选择我院2006年3-4月100例外科门诊换药病例,随机分为2组每组各50例,外科常规换药,分别敷以优拓与凡士林纱布,随访伤口面积缩小与换药可接受程度。结果在开始治疗后第1、2、3、4周,2组病例伤口面积平均减少率差别无显著性;优拓治疗组换药疼痛与伤口粘连较轻,换药出血发生率组间无明显差异。结论脂质水胶敷料优拓治疗效果确切,可接受程度好,适用于门诊外科换药。